Advanced Fermentation Techniques for Lactic Acid Production from Agricultural Waste

Lactic acid plays an important role in industrial applications ranging from the food industry to life sciences. The growing demand for lactic creates urgent need find economical and sustainable substrates production. Agricultural waste is rich nutrients needed microbial growth. Fermentative production of non-food-competing agricultural could reduce cost while addressing environmental concerns. This work provided overview fermentation different wastes. Although conventional approaches have been widely applied decades, there are ongoing efforts toward enhanced meet requirements productions applications. In addition, contains a large proportion pentose sugars. Most lactic-acid-producing microorganisms cannot utilize such reducing Therefore, advanced techniques also discussed specifically using feedstocks. review provides valuable references technical supports industrialization renewable materials.